In 1988, while I was associate head basketball coach at the University of Toledo, we signed a young man from Flint, MI, after he had played one year in junior college. Since he was a good student, i.e. an ” NCAA qualifier” out of high school and had successfully completed a minimum of 12 semester units during each of the two semesters he attended the JC (with a minimum GPA of 2.0), he met the NCAA eligibility requirements. We were counting on him to make a significant contribution to our team the following year.
When we sent his signed letter-of-intent to our conference (MAC) office, we were informed that he would, in fact, not be immediately eligible. The problem was that he had attended a four-year school, the University of Michigan-Flint, following his graduation from high school, thus making him, in NCAA parlance, a “4-2-4,” defined as a student-athlete (S-A) who, upon graduating from high school, first attends a four-year institution, then transfers to a two-year school, then again to another four-year college. This type of S-A is required to graduate from the two-year school in order to be immediately eligible. The only exception would be if the S-A returned to his or her original four-year school.
What made this case unique was that this S-A, while a talented player, was a 6′2″ center. The only scholarship offers he received were from Division II schools. He wanted to be an engineer and ultimately chose UM-Flint because of its engineering program. UM-Flint, however, did not offer intercollegiate athletics, meaning this young man chose academics over athletics.
He did well during his first semester but while UM-Flint had an exceptional engineering program, it was also quite expensive so, after his first semester (in which he had a 3.0 GPA), he dropped out to work in order make money. He intended to re-enroll the following fall. During the summer, a friend of his mentioned that this strategy would take an inordinate amount of time for him to graduate. Why not, his friend told him, enroll at the local community college (Mott CC) - since it was so much cheaper - and complete his general education courses there?
This was the avenue he decided to take and enrolled at Mott the following fall. He was shooting baskets in the gym one day in early September when the coach there noticed him. Oh yeah - in the year since he’d graduated from high school, he’d grown from 6′2″ to 6′6″! The coach recognized him from his scholastic days and asked him to try out for the team. He not only played well, but led the league in rebounding and was voted the conference’s Player-of-the-Year.
The question became: Was he to be considered a “2-4,” in which case he’d be immediately eligible (our stance) or a “4-2-4,” in which case he would not (the NCAA’s ruling)? Our contention was that if this S-A was deemed ineligible, he would be penalized because he made an academic decision rather than an athletic one! Our case was that he turned down athletic scholarships to follow an academic pursuit - to go to a university which didn’t even offer athletics. The conference, possibly because we had beaten out another MAC school for his services and they were the ones who had brought this matter to the MAC’s attention (surprise!), took the path of least resistance and sided with the governing body. We were extremely passionate that he be eligible, naturally because he was a good player, one we felt would be in the starting lineup for the opening game, but also because the NCAA’s ruling was morally wrong.
In order to explain the rule to those readers who don’t completely understand the NCAA (which encompasses everybody - including many who work for that organization), the reason it was passed was the same reason most rules are passed - because there were coaches who found a way to “steal” their competitors’ players. Most S-A’s (as well as a great number of students) think of transferring shortly after beginning college. The reasons are numerous: homesickness, miss the girlfriend, difficulty handling responsibility or, in the case of recruited S-A’s, they find out that much of what they were told (promised?) during the recruiting process, didn’t appear as they thought it would, e.g. there was more competition for playing time than the coaches had said in their recruiting pitch. The word would get out and the colleges which had recruited him, but lost out, would contact the disillusioned S-A and suggest he transfer.
Just so it wouldn’t look like tampering - and so the S-A would be immediately eligible - the “new” school would tell the S-A to transfer to a JC, pass the requisite number of units and slide on in to their school. Clean break. Anticipating this, the NCAA 4-2-4 rule did state that one calendar year must lapse from the initial enrollment at the first four-year institution before eligibility kicked in, but “poaching” was still a problem.
Our contention was that this case was unique because the first institution didn’t even offer athletics, much less basketball. Round and round we went, until the NCAA finally agreed to hear our case. Three of us, our director of athletics, faculty representative to the NCAA, and I flew to NCAA headquarters (at that time located in Overland Park, KS) and appeared before the NCAA Eligibility Committee.
The room we were in was identical to what you see during Senate Committee hearings. The four of us were seated at a table in the center of the room facing two rounded tiers of seats occupied by the members of the committee. Each member had a copy of our S-A’s high school, UM-Flint and Mott academic transcripts. We presented our case. “This S-A was to be considered a ‘2-4′ because the original institution did not offer an athletics program. Therefore, his attendance at the four-year institution should be disregarded from an athletics standpoint, i.e. he should not be considered a ‘4-2-4′. Since he had satisfied the eligibility requirements of a ‘2-4,’ he should, thus, be granted immediate eligibility. If he were not, then the NCAA would be unjustly treating a S-A who had put academics ahead of athletics in his college decision. Such a ruling would fly in the face of everything the NCAA claimed it stood for.” We were asked questions and were told the Eligibility Committee would take everything under consideration and would notify us of their ruling.
Sometime later, we received the news that the committee had ruled in our favor and that our player would be immediately eligible. In fact, if you were to google “ncaapublications.com” and go to “Eligibility,” then click on “download PDF,” on page 24 of the “Transfer 101” section (Basic information you need to know about transferring to an NCAA college), you will see under the part that says, “Possible exceptions if you are a 4-2-4 transfer,” the amendment, “if your sport was never sponsored at your original four-year school . . . “ That exception was added after the ruling on the University of Toledo case.
Did I forget to mention that their committee only met at certain times and when we finally got their decision that the first semester had already passed and this kid, who should have been eligible in August when school started, didn’t get his NCAA clearance until the middle of January and we were about 10 games into our season? As I ended a previous blog (from about two years ago), the NCAA is a lot like the Lord:
“It acts in strange and mysterious ways.”�